#Universal bus controller code 29 professional

Our former investigations in Iran showed that pharmacists have no big attitude toward professionalism as well as ethical issues and confirmed the necessity of teaching the principles of professionalism in addition to providing an ethical guideline. Thus, they are faced with new concerns and responsibilities, which need technical skills as well as consideration of values and relationships. In those countries, especially the US and UK, community pharmacies are increasingly involved in the primary care service sector and some pharmacists have some special prescription rights. In some developed countries, there is a better understanding of the role of pharmacists in the health-care management and use of their knowledge and skill. Therefore, more ethical concerns raise and necessitates having guidelines for pharmacists to deal with such cases. It is believed that the essence of health-care is changing, and patients are more actively participating in their own care. Although this is not limited to pharmacies, the matter raises special ethical challenges in dealing with patients or other health professionals. At the moment, the high amount of money exchange in especially community pharmacies has converted the profession of pharmacy to a business.

Unfortunately, community pharmacy ownership is not limited to pharmacists and stakeholders sometimes hire pharmacists for their community pharmacy. Health-care in Iran is governed by both private and public sector, but the predominant model in pharmacy is private. The feedbacks coming from Iranian associations, regulatory organizations or common sources confirm the major need to have a national pharmaceutical code of conduct. The graduated pharmacists mostly go to common pharmacies or pharmaceutical companies and all must complete continuous medical education (CME) courses to take annual score and allowance to work. In Iran, pharmacists are trained in an almost 6-years education program (Doctorate of Pharmacy) with emphasis on applied therapeutics and patient centered care.

#Universal bus controller code 29 professional

Hence, not only the raised conflict is not fully understood, but also it remains unresolved and therefore providing a guideline as well as teaching those professional values is of special importance. The interface between invisible values and interests is sometimes the origin of ethical dilemmas, which mostly is not sensible by pharmacy practitioners. The conflict between different practice values is important. This means that those credits that show the pharmacy as a worthwhile profession are lacking. Of course, this is the viewpoint of authors based on what is happening at the time of writing this paper.ДЄlthough pharmacy is a science based and value based profession, its practice values are rarely defined. Previously, the pharmacists were the sole holders of the knowledge of pharmacy with special skills in compounding and dispensing medications, but industrialization changed their role and they now retreat themselves by dispensing despite вЂњover-qualification.вЂќ In fact, pharmacists are supposed to be medicine experts, but mostly in the community pharmacy work as a drug dispenser.

Science development and intricacy of health-care management and health-care services necessitate more involvement of pharmacists in the patient care. The compiling the code of ethics for the national pharmaceutical system is the first step in implementing ethics in pharmacy practice and further attempts into teaching the professionalism and the ethical code as the necessary and complementary effort are highly recommended. The document was compiled based on the principles of bioethics and professionalism. The prepared code of conduct is comprised of professional code of ethics for pharmacists, ethics guideline for pharmaceutical manufacturers, ethics guideline for pharmaceutical importers, ethics guideline for pharmaceutical distributors, and ethics guideline for policy makers. The code of conduct was subject to comments of all experts involved in the pharmaceutical sector and thus criticized in several meetings. On feeling the need, based on a shared project between experts of the ethics from relevant research centers, all the needs were fully recognized and then specified code of conduct for each was written. Therefore, pharmacy practice is vulnerable to ethical challenges and needs special code of conducts.

Other than pharmacy, there are pharmaceutical companies in various fields of manufacturing, importing or distributing that have their own ethical issues. Pharmacists as one of health-care providers face ethical issues in terms of pharmaceutical care, relationship with patients and cooperation with the health-care team.